Computer Hardware - Internal and External

 A. Tick (✔) the correct option.

1. The brain of the computer.

(a) RAM

(b) ROM

(c) CPU 

(d) CU

Ans- (c) CPU (Central Processing Unit)

2. The connecting points where peripheral devices connect with the motherboard.

(a) Bus

(b) USB port

(c) Port 

(d) Processor

Ans- (c) Port

3. An internal device that converts high voltage to low voltage power.

(a) Processor

(b) SMPS

(c) SPMS

(d) Port

Ans- (b) SMPS (Switched-Mode Power Supply)

4. An electronic centrepiece of the computer, that connects all other devices.

(a) SMPS

(b) Hard disk

(c) UPS

(d) Motherboard

Ans-(d) Motherboard 

5. A pen drive connects to the computer through which port?

(a) USB port

(b) Ethernet port

(c) Power port

(d) Audio port

Ans- (a) USB port

B. Fill in the blanks with the help of given words.

Pen drive      Bar codes      Central Processing Unit (CPU)     Joysticks     Microphone

1. Microphone is used to record your voice into the computer.

2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) is known as the brain of the computer.

3. Pen drive/thumb drive/USB drive is also called a flash drive.

4. Joysticks are used to control the robots, training simulators and flight simulators.

5. Bar codes are used in supermarkets, library systems, luggage handling at airports and for warehouse stock control.

Write (T) for true and (F) for false statements.

1. A memory card is generally used in devices like mobile phones, digital cameras, play stations and other similar devices, (T)

2. A projector is used to print information that you see on the monitor, to a paper. (F)

 A projector is used to project information that you see on the monitor onto a screen or surface, not to print it on paper.

3. The printed paper is called printout. (T)

4. A web camera is used to take live photos and videos. (T)

5. The slots into which you connect the mouse/keyboard/external hard disk wires. (F)

The ports into which you connect the mouse/keyboard/external hard disk wires are commonly referred to as ports or connectors, not wires.

D. Answer the following questions.

1. Define the term peripheral device.

Ans- A peripheral device is an external device that connects to a computer. 

These devices provide additional functionality, expand storage capacity, enhance input/output capabilities, or enable communication with the computer. 

For example - Keyboard, mouse, scanner, output devices such as monitors and printers, storage devices like external hard drives and USB flash drives, networking devices, audio devices etc. 

2. Differentiate between printer and projector. 

Ans- 

Printer	Projector
A printer is a device that produces physical copies of documents or images on paper or other media.	A projector is a device that displays images, videos, or presentations onto a screen or surface.
Printers are commonly used for producing hard copies of documents, photos, graphics, and other materials.	Projectors are commonly used for presentations, home theatre systems, classrooms, and other places where large-scale display is required.

3. Describe the port that is used to plug-in keyboard and mouse.

Ans- The port commonly used to plug in a keyboard and mouse is a USB (Universal Serial Bus) port.

1. USB ports are rectangular in shape and typically found on the front, back, or sides of a computer tower, as well as on laptops and other devices.

2. They provide easy plug-and-play functionality.

3. They support hot-swapping i.e. devices can be connected or disconnected while the computer is powered on without the need for restarting.

4. They provides reliable and high-speed data transfer between the computer and the connected peripheral devices

4. Slots are often called expansion slots. Why?

Ans- Slots are often referred to as expansion slots because they provide a means to expand the capabilities of a computer system by adding additional hardware components.

These slots are designed to accommodate expansion cards such as graphics cards, sound cards, network cards, video card etc. that enhance the functionality of the computer. 

5. Compare the storage capacities of CD, DVD and Blu-ray.

CD (Compact Disc)	DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)	BD (Blu-ray Disc)
CD has a storage capacity of approximately 700 MB (megabytes).	DVD has a storage capacity ranging from 4.7 GB (single-layer) to 17 GB (dual-layer).	A single-layer Blu-ray disc can store approximately 25 GB, while a dual-layer Blu-ray disc can store around 50 GB.
It is commonly used for storing music albums, software, and small data files.	It is widely used for storing movies, video content, software, and larger data files.	Blu-ray is commonly used for high-definition movies, video games, large multimedia files, and data backup purposes.
CD-R (CD-Recordable) discs allow for one-time recording, while CD-RW (CD-ReWritable) discs allow for multiple recordings and erasures.	DVD-R is write-once formats, while DVD-RW, supports multiple recordings and erasures.	Blu-ray discs are typically not rewritable, although there are BD-RE (Blu-ray Disc Rewritable) discs available for multiple recordings and erasures.

Let's Apply

Answer the application-based questions.

Tanya is working for a multinational company as a marketing executive. During the day she uses several electronic devices or gadgets, Analyse the following situations and write the device being used.

(a) She is authorised to enter the office premises only after the access is verified. She swipes the card to open the door.

Device: Access card reader

Explanation: Tanya swipes her access card on the access card reader to verify her identity and gain entry to the office premises.

(b) She uses a pen on her smartphone to call the client.

Device: Smartphone

Explanation: Tanya uses her smartphone to make a phone call to the client, utilizing the pen feature on the smartphone.

(c) Scans the product images.

Device: Scanner

Explanation: Tanya uses a scanner to scan product images, likely to digitize them or create digital copies.

(d) Records the audio in her voice and inserts it in the presentation.

Device: microphne

Explanation: Tanya uses a microphone to record audio in her voice, which she later inserts into her presentation.

(e) Takes handouts of her presentation for the meeting the next day.

Device: Printer

Explanation: Tanya uses a printer to take handouts of her presentation for the meeting the next day.

(f) She realised that she is not connected to the office network and hence cannot 

take printouts.

Device: Network printer

Explanation: Tanya realizes that she is not connected to the office network, and as a result, she cannot take printouts. The device required here is a network printer that allows printing over the office network.

(g) As a backup she transfers the presentations in another device.

Device: External storage device (e.g., USB flash drive)

Explanation: Tanya transfers the presentations to another device, likely an external storage device, as a backup.

(h) She forgot to carry the computer mouse for the meeting.

Device: Computer mouse

Explanation: Tanya forgot to carry the computer mouse for the meeting. A computer mouse is a separate input device used to control the cursor on a computer screen.

(i) She presents the range of products on a big screen.

Device: Projector

Explanation: Tanya presents the range of products on a big screen using a projector. However, to enable the audience to hear the video in her presentation, she plugs in an external audio device, such as speakers or headphones, to the projector.

(j) The audience cannot hear the video in her presentation, so she plugs-in the device.

Device: External speaker

If the audience cannot hear the video in Tanya's presentation, she would need to plug in an external audio device to ensure the sound is audible to the audience. This could be accomplished by connecting external speakers to the device from which she is playing the video, such as a laptop or a media player, using an appropriate audio cable or wireless connection.

(k) She takes the feedback from her clients on a printed sheet where the options are marked using a pencil.

Device: Printed sheet and pencil

Explanation: Tanya takes feedback from her clients on a printed sheet, and the clients mark their options using a pencil.

B. Help Atul identify the ports to plug-in the following:

(a) USB hub

A USB hub typically connects to a computer or another device to expand the available USB ports. Most USB hubs have a standard USB Type-A connector on one end that plugs into the computer or device. On the other end, the USB hub may have multiple USB Type-A or USB Type-C ports, depending on the model. Plug the USB Type-A connector of the hub into an available USB port on your computer or device.

(b) Microphone

The type of port required for a microphone depends on the specific microphone you have. Here are the most common types:

USB: Many microphones connect directly to the computer via a USB port. These microphones have a USB Type-A or USB Type-C connector that plugs directly into an available USB port on your computer.

3.5mm Audio Jack: Some microphones use a 3.5mm audio jack, which is a small round connector commonly found on computers and mobile devices. If your microphone has a 3.5mm audio jack, you need to find the corresponding audio input port on your computer. This port is typically color-coded pink and may be labeled with a microphone icon.

(c) LAN cable for Internet

To connect to the internet using a LAN cable, you need to find an Ethernet port on your computer or router. Ethernet ports are rectangular and have a wider opening compared to phone jacks.

On a computer: Look for an Ethernet port on the back or side of your computer. It is typically labeled with the word "Ethernet" or an icon representing a series of connected rectangles. Plug one end of the LAN cable into this port.

On a router: Most routers have multiple Ethernet ports. Find an available Ethernet port on the router and plug the other end of the LAN cable into it.

(d) Power supply

The power supply for your device usually requires connecting to a power source. The specific port or connector depends on the device you are using.

Laptop/Desktop: Most laptops and desktop computers have a power connector port. It is typically a round port, known as a DC power jack. Plug the power supply's connector into this port.

Mobile devices: Smartphones and tablets usually require a USB cable to connect to a power adapter. Plug the USB connector of the cable into the power adapter, and then plug the power adapter into a wall outlet.

C. Find out the configuration of a computer system in the lab.