Class-7 Science Chapter-7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate, Additional Exercises in line with NCERT book / CBSE Syllabus
Chapter 7
Weather, Climate and
Adaptations of Animals to Climate
Additional
Exercises
Exercises from
textbook
Activities/Projects
Additional Exercises
Choose the correct answer:
(1)
Which body part of an element is modified as teeth?
a. Tusk (√)
b. Ears
c. Tail
d. Nails
(2) Anemometer is used to measure
a. Air pressure
b. speed of
wind (√)
c. Amount of
rainfall
d. Temperature
(3) All changes in the weather are primarily caused by
a. Wind
b. Clouds
c. Oceans
d. Sun (√)
(4) Which of these statements is correct for Penguins
a. Penguins
huddle together
b. They have
thick skin and a lot of fat
c. They are
good swimmers
d. All the
above (√)
(5) To mix with surroundings, big cats have
a. Sharp teeth
b. Padded feet
c. stripes on
body (√)
d. strong
muscles
(6) Half of the animal population on the planet is found in
a. polar region
b. subtropical
region
c. tropical
rainforests (√)
d. none of the
above
(7) Climate refers to an average
a. Rainfall
b. Temperature
c. Weather
pattern (√)
d. none of the
above
(8) Red eyed frog has
a. Sticky pads
on its feet(√)
b. Big ears
c. modified
teeth
d. long tail
(9) Toucan bird has
a. Sticky pads
on its feet
b. Big ears
c. modified
teeth
d. Long, large
beak (√)
Differentiate
between:
Polar Region and
Tropical Rainforests
|
Polar Region
|
Tropical Rain Forests
|
|
Climate is cold.
|
Climate is hot and humid.
|
|
Permanently covered with snow.
|
Tropical rain forests have heavy rain fall.
|
|
Very little vegetation is present.
|
Wide variety of vegetation (about two third of the flowering plants of
earth) present.
|
|
Polar regions have very few animals.
|
Tropical rainforest have half of the animal life of planet.
|
Match
the column:
|
A
|
B
|
|
Weather report
|
wet
climate
|
|
Meteorological department
|
hot
and dry climate
|
|
Sun
|
weather
reports are prepared
|
|
North Eastern India
|
primary source of energy that causes changes
in the weather
|
|
Western India
|
information about temperature, humidity and
rainfall
|
Ans
|
A
|
B
|
|
Weather report
|
information about temperature, humidity and
rainfall
|
|
Meteorological department
|
weather
reports are prepared
|
|
Sun
|
primary source of energy that causes changes
in the weather
|
|
North Eastern India
|
wet
climate
|
|
Western India
|
hot
and dry climate
|
State whether the following statements are True
or False:
1-
Climate
has a profound effect on all living organisms. ( True)
2-
Animals
are adapted to survive in the conditions in which they live. ( True)
3-
Weather
has no effect on our lives. (False)
4-
Features
and habits that Help animals to adapt to their surrounding are a result of
the process of evolution. ( True)
5-
All
changes in the weather are caused by the sun. (True)
6-
Migration
is seen only in birds. (False)
Give one word for the following:
(1)
The
instrument used to measure the rain Fall- Rain gauge
(2)
The
device used to measure the maximum and minimum temperature in a day- Maximum
and Minimum Thermometer
(3)
Measure
of moisture in air – Humidity
Encircle the Odd one:
(1)
Canada,
Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, India, Finland (Countries that belong to the
polar region)
(2)
Malaysia, Indonesia, Brazil, Kenya, Alaska, Uganda,
Nigeria (Countries where Tropical rainforests are found)
Fill in the blanks:
(1)
There
are daily reports of weather on the television and radio and in
newspapers.
(2)
The
weather is a complex phenomenon that varies over very short period of
time.
(3)
The
maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the afternoon while
the minimum temperature occurs generally in the early morning.
(4)
The
sun is a huge sphere of hot gases at a very high temperature.
Answer the following
questions:
Q. What is a rain gauge?
Ans- Rain
gauge is an instrument, which is used to measure the rainfall.
It is basically a measuring cylinder with a
funnel on the talk to collect rainwater.
Q. What do you mean by weather?
What are the elements of weather?
Ans- The day to day condition of the
atmosphere at a place with respect to the temperature, humidity, rainfall,
wind speed, etc. is called the weather at that place.
Following are the elements of weather:
1.
Temperature
2.
Humidity
3.
Sunshine
4.
Clouds
5.
Wind
6.
Precipitation- this includes rain and
snow.
Q. What do you mean by the
climate of a place?
Ans- The
average weather pattern taken over a long time, say 25 years, is called the
climate of that place.
Q. List the adaptations of polar bear.
Ans-
Following
are the adaptations of polar bear:
1.
Polar Bears have white fur- White fur protects it
from predators in the snowy white background. It also helps polar bear in
catching prey.
2.
Two thick layers of fur- Polar bear has two thick layers of fur
to protect from extreme cold.
3.
Layer of fat under the skin- It makes the body
well insulated.
4.
Wide and large paws- Wide and large pores make it easy to walk in
the snow and also help in swimming.
5.
Ability to swim- This helps to cool the body on
warm days.
6.
Polar
bear can close its nostrils and can remain underwater for long duration.
7.
Strong
sense of smell- A strong sense of smell help to catch its Prey for food.
Q. List the adaptations of
penguin for a life in polar regions.
Ans- Following are the adaptations of Penguins
for a life in polar regions:
1.
White Colour- The body colour of penguin is white and it
merges well with the white background.
2.
Thick skin and a lot of fat- Penguins have a
thick skin and a lot of fat to protect them from cold.
3.
Huddle together- Penguins huddle
together. They do this to keep warm.
4.
Adaptations for swimming- Penguins have streamlined body and
webbed-feet which make them good swimmers.
Q. What is migration? Why do birds migrate? Give an example.
Ans- Migration- Migration is the seasonal movement of
animals from one region to another and often back again.
Birds must
remain migrate to survive in
unfavourable weather conditions. Therefore, they migrate to warmer regions when
winter sets in. They come back after the winter is over.
Siberian crane
comes from Siberia to places like Bharatpur in Rajasthan
and Sultanpur in Haryana and some wetlands of North East and some other parts
of India.
Q.
What is the habitat of bird Toucan? How is it adapted for getting food?
Ans- Tropical rainforest is the habitat of
the bird Toucan. It possesses a long, large beak. this helps it to
reach the fruits on branches which are otherwise too weak to support the weight
of bird.
Q. Write two adaptations of
monkeys.
Ans- Following
are the two adaptations of monkeys.
1.
The
hands and feet of monkeys are such that they can easily hold on to the
branches.
2.
Monkeys have long tail for balancing and
grasping branches.
Q.
How is red-eyed frog able to live on the trees?
Ans- Red-eyed frog has sticky pads on its feet
to help it climb trees on which it lives.
Give reason. Why?
Q. Western region of India has
hot and dry climate.
Ans- Western region of India, for example
Rajasthan, shows high temperature during most part of the Year. During
winter, which lasts only for a few months the temperature is quite low. This
region receives very little rainfall. This is a typical desert climate. Therefore
the climate of this region is called hot and dry.
Q. The lion tailed macaque (Beard ape) leaves on the tree and rarely comes down on the ground.
Ans- The lion tailed macaque (beard ape) is
a good climber and spends a major part of its life on the tree.
It feeds mainly on fruits. Tt also eats seeds, young leaves, stems, flowers and buds.
This app also searches for insects under the bark of the
tree. Since it is able to get sufficient food on the trees, it rarely comes down on the ground.
Flow Chart
Exercises from Textbook
Q. Name the elements that
determine the weather of a place.
Ans- Following elements determine the weather of a place:
1. Temperature
2. Humidity
3. Sunshine
4. Clouds
5. Wind
6. Precipitation- this includes rain
and snow.
Q. When are the maximum and
minimum temperature likely to occur during the day?
Ans- The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in
the afternoon while the minimum temperature occurs generally in the early
morning.
Fill in the blanks:
- The average weather taken over a long time is called climate.
- A place receives very little
rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of
that place will be hot and dry.
- The two regions of the earth with
extreme climatic conditions are polar region and Tropical
Rainforest.
Q. Indicate the type of
climate of the following areas:
Jammu and
Kashmir, Kerala, Rajasthan, Northeast India
Ans-
|
Area
|
Type of climate
|
|
Jammu and
Kashmir
|
Moderately hot and wet
|
|
Kerala
|
Very hot and wet
|
|
Rajasthan
|
Hot and dry
|
|
Northeast
India
|
Wet
|
Q. Which of the two changes
frequently, weather or climate?
Ans- Weather changes frequently.
Weather is a complex phenomenon that
varies over a very short period of time while climate is the average weather pattern over a long period
of time.
Q. Following are some of the characteristics of
animals
Diets heavy on
fruits, white fur, need to migrate, loud voice, sticky pads on
feet, layer of fat under skin, white and large
paws, bright colours, strong tails, long and large
beak
For each characteristic, indicate
whether it is adaptation for tropical rainforest or polar regions.
Ans-
|
Diets heavy
on fruits
|
Tropical rainforest eg.
lion tailed macaque
|
|
White fur
|
Polar
region e.g. snow bear
|
|
Need to
migrate
|
Polar region e.g. Siberian crane
|
|
Loud
voice
|
Tropical rainforest e.g. lion
|
|
Sticky pads
on feet
|
Tropical rainforest e.g. red eyed frog
|
|
Layer of fat
under skin
|
Polar region e.g. Penguin
|
|
White and
large paws
|
Polar region
|
|
Bright
colours
|
Tropical rainforest e.g. Toucan
|
|
Strong tails
|
Tropical rainforest e.g. monkey
|
|
Long and
large beak
|
Tropical rainforest e.g Toucan
|
Q. The Tropical rainforest has a
large population of animals. Explain why it is so.
Ans- Tropical rainforest support a wide variety
of plants and animals because of the climatic conditions here, which can be
summarized as below:
1.
The
tropical region has generally a hot climate because of its location around the
equator.
2.
In
coldest months, the temperature is generally higher than about 150C.
3.
During
hot summers, the temperature main cross 40 degree Celsius
4.
days and nights are almost equal in length
throughout the year.
5.
these regions get plenty of rainfall.
Tropical
rainforest have a large population of animals because of continuous
warmth and rain.
Q. Explain with examples, why do
we find animals of
certain kind living in particular climatic conditions.
Ans- Animals have special features, which help
them to survive in a particular type of climatic conditions and available of food around
them. These features are called adaptation e.g. Polar bears have two layers of
fur on their body to protect from cold, Toucan has large and long beak to eat fruits
from tender branches of trees, Red-eyed frog has sticky pads in feet to climb
on trees. Therefore we see that we find that the animals of certain kind are
living in a particular climatic condition.
Q. How do elephants living in the
tropical rainforests adapt itself?
Ans- Elephant living in tropical rainforests
adapt itself in following ways:
1.
Elephant
has a trunk, which is used as a nose because of which it has a strong sense of
smell.
2.
Elephant
also uses drum for picking up the food.
3.
Tusks
of elephant are modified teeth which can tear the bark of tree that elephant
loves to eat.
4.
Large
ears of elephant help it to hear even very soft sounds.
5.
Large
ears also help elephant to keep cool in hot and humid Climate of the
rainforest.
Choose the correct option with answer the
following question:
1.
A carnivore
with stripes on its body moves very fast while catching its prey. it is likely
to be found in
a. Polar regions
b. Deserts
c. Oceans
d. Tropical rainforests (√)
2.
Which features
adapt Polar Bears to live in extremely cold climate?
a. A white fur below skin and keen sense of smell (√)
b. Thin skin, large eyes, a white fur
c. A long tail, strong claws, white large paws
d. White body, paws for swimming, gills for respiration
3.
Which option
best describes a tropical region?
a. Hot and humid (√)
b. Moderate temperature, heavy rainfall
c. Cold and humid
d. Hot and dry
Extended learning - activities and projects
(1)
Collect weather
reports of seven successive days in the winter months ( preferably December).
Collect similar reports for the summer months( preferably June). now prepare a
table for sunrise and sunset time as shown:
Table
|
June
|
December
|
||||
|
Date
|
sunrise
|
sunset
|
Date
|
sunrise
|
sunset
|
Try to answer the following questions:
a)
Is there any
difference in the time of sunrise during summer and winter?
b) When do you find that the sun rises earlier?
c) Do you also find any difference in the time of sunset
during the month of June and December?
d) When are the days longer?
e) When are the nights longer?
f) Why are the days sometimes longer and sometimes shorter?
g)
Plot the length
of the day against the days chosen in June and December.
(2)
Collect
information about the Indian Meteorological Department. if possible visit
its website:
Write a brief report about the things that department
does.
(3)
Cut
out the weather report of last week from any newspaper. if you do not have a
newspaper at home borrow from your neighbours of friend and copy these reports
in your notebook. you can also collect weather report from a library. paste all
the cut out on a white sheet or on a chart paper.
Now
record the information from the weather reports collected by you in the table
below
|
Date
|
maximum temperature ( degree Celsius)
|
Min. temp. (0C)
|
Min. humidity (%)
|
Max. humidity (%)
|
Rainfall* (mm)
|
|
23-08-20
|
36.2
|
27.8
|
54
|
82
|
|
*(
rainfall may not be recorded for all the day since it may not rain everyday.
leave the space for rainfall plant If the data is not available.)
|
Did you know?
|
|
Rain forest
cover about 6% of the earth surface but they have more than half of the
animal life and about two third of the flowering plants of the planet. However
much of this life is still unknown to us.
|
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