Class-6 Science, Chapter-10 Motion and Measurement of Distances, Additional exercises with solutions in line with NCERT book / CBSE Syllabus


Chapter 10
Motion and Measurement of Distances
=========================================================
Exercises from textbook
Additional Exercises
Tables from Textbook
Activities/Projects

Additional Exercises

Choose the correct answer;
1.    How did people not move or carry goods long ago?
a.    On their back
b.    Using animals
c.     Using motor vehicles (√)
2.    Which of the following is a standard unit of measurement?
a.    Length of foot
b.    Width of finger
c.     Cubit
d.    Metre (√)
3.    Which of the following was not used as small length measurement in ancient India?
a.    Centimetre (√)
b.    Angul (finger)
c.     mutthi (fist)
d.    balisht (handspans)
4.    To measure length we use
a.    meter scale (√)
b.    liter
c.     Kilogram
d.    Thermometer
5.    In one decimeter there are
a.    1 cm
b.    10 centimetre (√)
c.     100 cm
d.    1000 CM
6.    To measure the time difference in sports competitions we use
a.    Wall clock
b.    Railway clock
c.     Sun clock
d.    Stopwatch (√)
7.    The replicas of International standard units are placed under the security at
a.    Ahmedabad
b.    Bangalore
c.     Calcutta
d.    New Delhi (√)
8.    Object which does not change its position with time is said to be
a.    Moving object
b.    Still object (√)
c.     Fast object
d.    None of the above
9.    Kite flying in the sky is an example of
a.    Linear motion
b.    Circular motion
c.     Irregular motion (√)
d.    Periodic motion
10.  The SI unit for Speed is
a.    Centimetre per second
b.    Kilometre per second
c.     Metre per second (√)
d.    Kilometre per hour

Science Class-7

Fill in the blanks
10 times of a millimetre is called centimetre.
There are 1000 metres in a kilometre.
The SI unit of length is metre.
Kilogram is the standard unit of mass.
Kelvin is the SI unit of temperature.

Match the column
       A
        B
Length
 kilogram
Time
 kelvin
Temperature
 second
Mass
 metre

Ans-
       A
        B
Length
 metre
Time
 second
Temperature
 kelvin
Mass
 kilogram

Match these motions with the type of motion:
A
B
Motion of a car
 non periodic motion
Motion of the blades of a fan
 oscillatory motion
Motion of a swing
 linear motion
Motion of a flying bird
 circulatory motion

Ans-
A
B
Motion of a car
linear motion
Motion of the blades of a fan
circulatory motion
Motion of a swing
oscillatory motion
Motion of a flying bird
non periodic motion

State whether the following statements are true or false:
1.    For Transport along water routes boats were used from ancient times.       (True)
2.    Thermometer is used to measure wind speed.                                              (False)
3.    Motion that repeats itself after some period of time is called non-periodic motion. (False)
4.    Shapes of boats imitated shapes of animals living in water.                         (True)
5.    Invention of wheel made a great change in Modes of transport.                   (True)
6.    A cubit is the length from the elbow to the fingertips.                                     (True)
7.    Each metre (m) is divided into 100 equal divisions, called centimetre (cm)   (True)
8.    Each centimetre has 10 equal divisions, called millimetres (mm)                 (True)
9.    The replicas of standard units are placed under Security at' national Physical Laboratory' new Delhi.                                                                                                (True)
10.  The change in position can be determined through time measurements.    (False)

Answer the following questions:
Q. Name some modern means of communication.
Ans- Some modern means of communication are follows:
1.         Electric trains
2.         Mono Rail
3.         Supersonic aeroplanes
4.         Spacecraft

Q. Mention some applications of measurement in daily life.
Ans- Some applications of measurement in daily life are as follows:
1 - The tailor needs to measure the length of cloth to know if it is enough to stitch a dress.
2 - A carpenter needs to measure the height and width of a cupboard to know how much would he need to make it's door.
3 - A farmer needs to know the length and breadth of the area of his land to know how much seat he can sow how much water would be needed for his crops.
4 - We need to measure our height to know how tall are we.

Q. What do you understand by measurement?
Ans- Measurement means the comparison of an unknown quantity with some known quantity. This known quantity is called a unit.
The result of measurement is expressed in two parts. One part is number and the other part is the unit of measurement.
For example - The length of my table is 4 hand spans. Here 4 is the number and 'handspan' is the unit of measurement.

Q. Why do we need standard units of measurement?
Ans- We need standard units of measurement as they do not change from person to person.
For example length of fort hand span varies from person to person.

Q. Have you seen someone using non standard unit measurement? Where?
Ans- Flower sellers use their forearm as a unit of length for measuring garlands.

Q. For measuring large distances, metre is not a convenient unit. How do we measure large distances in SI unit?
Ans- For measuring large distances, metre is not a convenient unit. We use the unit called kilometre for it.
1 km is equal to 1000 m.

Q. You cannot measure the girth of a tree or the size of your chest using a metre scale. How would you measure them?
Ans- We cannot measure the girth of a tree or the size of our chest using a metre scale. We will use a measuring tape for these measurements.

Q. What are the precautions that we need to take while measuring the length?
Ans- We need to take following precautions while measuring the length:
1 - Scale should be in contact with the object along its length.
2 - We should take measurements from the zero mark of the scale.
3 - If the zero mark of scale is not visible, we can any other full mark on the scale. Then first subtract the reading of this mark from the reading at the other end.
4- Our eye must be exactly in front of the point where the measurement is to be taken.

Q. Name some sub standard units.
Ans- Following are the names of some sub standard units of measurement.
Angul
Muthi
balisht
Hath
Kadam (steps)

Q. What is motion? Explain rectilinear motion, circular motion, periodic motion.
Ans- Motion is a change in the position of an object with time.
Rectilinear motion - when an object moves along a straight line, its motion is said to be rectilinear motion.
For example - the Falling of a stone, sprinter in a 100m race, vehicles on a straight road, march- past of soldiers in a parade.
Circular motion - any object moving on a circular path is said to be in circular motion.
For example - the motion of a point marked on the blade of an electric fan or the hands of a clock.
Periodic motion - when object or a part of it repeats its motion after a fixed interval of time, it is said to be in periodic motion.
Example - motion of a pendulum, motion of a child on a swing, a guitar or the surface of Drums being played.

Exercises from Textbook

Give two examples of each, of modes of transport used on land water and air.
Ans- Modes of transport used on land -
Train
Bus
Modes of transport used on water -
Ship
Submarine
Modes of transport used in air
Airplane
Spacecraft

Fill in the blanks:
1.         One metre is equal to 100 cm.
2.         Five kilometre is equal to 5000 m.
3.         Motion of a child on a swing is periodic motion.
4.         Motion of the needle in a sewing machine is periodic motion.
5.         Motion of the wheel of a bicycle is circular motion.

Why can pace or a footstep not be used as a standard unit of length?
Ans- The length of a pace or a footstep varies from person to person. Therefore, this cannot be used as standard unit of length.

Arrange the following lengths in their increasing magnitude:
1 m, 1 cm, 1 kilometre, 1 millimetre
Ans- These lengths can be arranged in the order of increasing magnitude as below:
1 millimetre, 1 centimetre, 1 metre, 1 kilometre, 1 millimetre

The height of a person is 1.65 m. Express it into centimetre and millimetre.
Solution-
Given -
Height of person= 1.65 metre

1 m  = 100 centimetre
1.65 m = 1.65 x 100  = 165 centimetre

1 m = 1000 millimetre
1.65 m = 1.65 x 1000 = 1650 millimetre

The distance between Radha's home and her school is 3250 m. Express this distance into kilometres.
Solution
Given-
Distance = 3250 m

1000 m = 1 kilometre
3250 m = 3250/ 1000 = 3.25 kilometre

While measuring the length of a knitting needle, the reading of the scale at women and is 3.0 cm and at the other end is 33.1 cm what is the length of the needle?
Solution-
Actual length of the needle= reading at the other end- reading at the first end
= 33.1 - 3.0
= 30.1 cm

Write the similarities and differences between the motion of a bicycle and a ceiling fan that has been switched on.
Similarities-
Motion of any point on the blades of fan and _______ is circular.
Difference-


Motion of bicycle is horizontal while the motion of ceiling fan is vertical.


Tables from Textbook

Table 10.1 Measuring length and breadth of classroom
Name of student
Length of the classroom
Width of the classroom
1


2


3



Table 10.2 Measuring width of a table
Who measured the width of the table?
Number of handspan
1

2

3


Table 10.3 Measurement of height
Who measured the height
Height in handspans
Height in cm
1


2


3



 Table 10.4 Objects in rest and motion
Objects in rest
Objects in motion
House
A flying bird
Table
Second’s hand of the clock
Clock
A fish in water
A stone
A horse
A wall
Butterfly
Sofa
Moving train
Clock
Hands of clock
Tree
Ants

Projects and activities-
1-    Draw a map of your classroom. Roll a ball on the floor. In your map mark the points where the ball started and where it stopped. Show also the path it moved along. Did the ball move along? Did the ball move along a straight line?
2-    Using a string and a scale, let each student measure the length of his / her foot. Prepare a bar graph of the foot length measurements that have been obtained for the whole class.



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